Melike Serra Kocaman

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that makes up about 2.5% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the US. It usually presents at advanced stages in the 5th and 6th decades of life with generalized lymphadenopathy and bone marrow involvement. There may also be involvement of peripheral blood, spleen, liver, gastrointestinal tract (lymphomatoid polyposis), Waldeyer's ring, lung, and pleura.The characteristic translocation is t(11;14),involving CCD1 and the heavy chain locus.

Goodpasture syndrome is a rare but serious autoimmune disease that attacks the lungs and kidneys. The disease occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly produces antibodies against collagen in the lungs and kidneys. Collagen is a protein that helps form connective tissue. Goodpasture syndrome initially causes vague symptoms such as fatigue. But it can rapidly involve the lungs and kidneys. It is almost always fatal if it is not quickly diagnosed and treated.

It is caused by the rupture of bridging veins.It is usually traumatic in older individuals.Symptoms include headache,drowsiness,focal neurological deficits and sometimes dementia.

It is a rare X-linked disorder caused by a defect in type 4 collagen.It is characterized by hereditery nephritis,hearing loss and ocular abnormalities.The most common mutation causing Alport is in the COL4A5 gene coding for alpha-3,-4,-5 chain of type 4 collagen.

It is an autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of the lacrimal and salivary glands,resulting in the inability to produce saliva and tears.Females are affected more often than males,with typical age 30-50.

Syringomyelia is an ependymal-lined,CSF-filled channel parallel to and connected with the central canal in the spinal cord. About 90% of cases are associated with Arnold-Chiari type 2; the remaining 10% are posttraumatic or associated with intraspinal tumors.