◾️ Scientists believe that estrogen may in some way protect women from cardiovascular problems. 

◾️ Once women reach their mid-40s (the age at which most women experience menopause), they begin to suffer from cardiovascular disease at an accelerated rate, and by the time they reach 70, they experience cardiovascular disease and heart attacks at the same rate as men of the same age.

◾️ Clinical studies have shown that premenopausal women have a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than postmenopausal women.

◾️ Research has demonstrated that estrogen at menopausal levels stimulates the production of Nitric Oxide in the endothelial cells of arteries including those in heart.

◾️ Nitric Oxide is one of the most important vascular regulatory agent in the body, capable of relaxing the smooth muscle surrounding arteries.

◾️ Ambulances in England now carry injectable estrogen and administer it to patients (male or female) who are suffering from heart attack.